S.D. Mankar, S.B. Bhawar, Mohini Shelke, Pankaj Sonawane, Shraddha Parjane
Department of Pharmacy Practice, Swamy Vivekanandha College of Pharmacy,
Tiruchengode, Tamilnadu, India.
*Corresponding Author E-mail: sakumar0307@gmail.com
ABSTRACT:
The Asteraceae family's chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) may be a well-known medicinal plant. Chamaemelum nobile, also referred to as Roman chamomile, is usually referred to as real chamomile or sweet false chamomile. Effect of sweet false chamomile extract on linearincisional wound healing was studied. The article briefly review on the medicinal and cosmetic benefits of matricaria. The major medicinal uses of this plant is antiinflammatory, antidiarrheal, antacid. chamoline as an cosmetic ingredient is good for skin and hair. Mouthwashes and tooth pase also contain chamomile as an ingredient. Chamomile also have antioxidant property. It treat gastrointestinal problem by acting as purgative and also use to treat acidity. It promotes wound healing effect in the case of cradle and bunions. The flavonoids apigenin, luteolin, quercetin, patuletin, and volatile oil compounds like bisabolol and its oxides, also as azulenes, are liable for chamomile's biological action. There are several chamomile chemocultivars. Chamomile is anti-inflammatory, deodorant, antibacterial, carminative, sedative, antiseptic, anticatarrhal, and spasmolytic.
KEYWORDS: Chamomile oil, wound healing, Matricaria chamomilla, medicinal plant, Anti-inflammatory, Asteraceae.
INTRODUCTION:
Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) is one among the vital medicinal herb native to southern and jap Europe.1,2 It is also grown in Federal Republic of Germany, Hungary, France, Russia, Yugoslavia, and Brazil. it absolutely was introduced to Republic of India throughout the Mughal amount, now it is big in geographical area, state, geographic region, and Jammu and Kashmir.3,4,5 The plants are often found in geographical area, Asia, North and South America, Australia, and New Island.6,7 Hungary is that the main producer of the plant biomass. In Hungary, it additionally grows abundantly in poor soils and it's a supply of financial gain to poor inhabitants of those areas. Flowers square measure exported to Federal Republic of Germany in bulk for distillation of the oil.8,9,10
The international demand for Chamaemelum nobilis oil has been steady growing. 11, 12 As a result, the plant is widely grown in Europe and has been brought into various Asian countries for the production of volatile oil. M. chamomilla L., Camomile L., and Ormenis multicaulis Braun Blanquet and Maire happiness to the family Asteraceae may be a natural and major supply of “blue oil” and flavonoids. 13, 14 The oil used as a light sedative and for digestion besides being medicinal drug and agent in action. 15, 16 Traditional Medicine (TM) is a medical system that is popular among the general public, particularly among chronic disease sufferers. chamomile could be a safe healthful herb, and particularly there were many reports on its external use for a range of diseases on completely different sites of the chassis. 17, 18 Additionally, Chamomile is listed on the “FDA's usually recognized as safe” herbs. 19, 20 Matricaria chamomilla is Associate in Nursing annual plant of the composite family Asteraceae. Commonly, the name M. recutita is applied to the foremost standard supply of the flavorer product Chamaemelum nobilis, though different species are used as Chamaemelum nobilis. Chamomile, a well-known previous time drug, is understood by associate arrayof names, like Babunj, herbaceous plant, Hungarian herb, Roman Baboonig, Babuna, Babuna camornile, chamomile, English herb, Camomilla, Flos herb, Single herb, sweet wildflower, pinhea. Chamomile.21, 22 Tea has useful benefits in treating cold, sunburn, menstrual pain, digestive issue and it also plays major role in disease like cancer.
Uses:
1. Antiinflammatory:
The flowers of camomile contain 1–2% volatile oils as well as alpha-bisabolol, alpha-bisabolol oxides A and B, and matricin (usually regenerate to chamazulene and alternative flavonoids that possess anti-inflammatory drug and counteractive properties.23, 24 A study in human volunteers incontestible that camomile flavonoids and essential oils penetrate below the skin surface into the deeper skin layers. this is often necessary for his or her use as topical counteractive (anti-inflammatory) agents. one among chamomile’s anti-inflammatory drug activities involve the inhibition of LPS-induced autacoid E (2) unleash and attenuation of enzyme (COX-2) catalyst activity while not poignant the essential type, COX-1.25, 26
2. Antidiarrheal:
Matricaria recutita L. Matricaria recutita L. Matricaria recutit (Chamomile) has long been used in Tunisian traditional medicine to alleviate gastrointestinal problems against pose of this study is to determine whether chamomile decoction extract (CDE) can protect rats against castor oil-induced diarrhoea and oxidative stress.27,28 The antidiarrheal activity was evaluated using castor oil-induced diarrhoea method. during this respect, rats were divided into six groups: Control, purgative, Castor oil+Loperamide (LOP) and Animals were given CDE orally (p.o.) for 1 hour and then inebriated for two or four hours with a purgative.29,30 CDE offered a significant dose dependent protection against castor oil-induced diarrhoea and intestinal fluid buildup, according to the findings. On the other hand, we discovered that diarrhoea was associated with oxidative stress, as measured by an increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and a decrease in antioxidant enzyme activity such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (PEROX) (GPx). Purgatives also raised the amounts of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and free iron in the stomach and intestinal mucosa. Importantly, we showed that chamomile pre-treatment abrogated of these biochemical alterations.31
3. Antacid:
German chamomile contains bisabolol. Bisabolol has been discovered to reduce the quantity of proteolytic enzyme pepsin secreted by the stomach without affecting the amount of stomach acid, making it a good choice for treating gastric and upper intestine illnesses. It has also been observed to stimulate epithelization and granulation in the rat's paw carrageenin edema and cotton pellet granuloma, as well as to have a strong antiphlogistic action. If chamomile extracts are to be used for antiphlogistic effects, plants high in bisabolol and chamazulene should be chosen.32
Fig.No.1:- Flowers of Matricaria chamomile
4. Chamomile as a cosmetic ingredient:
In the cosmetic industry, chamomile preparations based on the whole plant or flower extracts, oil of flower, and compounds isolated from chamomile are used. Chamomile flower extracts or oil can be found in a variety of skin and hair care products. Chamomile oil is a safe cosmetic with no side effects due to its natural antioxidant and antimicrobial properties (Khaki et al. 2012). Chamomile is also used in mouthwashes and tooth pastes (Laksmi et al. 2011; Nimbekar et al. 2012). In some perfumes, chamomile oil is combined with other essential oils. Creams, ointments, shampoos, soaps, detergents, and scents are some of the cosmetics that contain chamomile (Mann and Staba 1986). 33
5. Chamomile Tea:
The German Commission E monograph describes how chamomile tea is made.150 mL boiling water + 1 heaping teaspoon (3 g) chamomile flowers. It's kept covered for 5–10 minutes before being strained (Bisset 1994). The flavonoids, which are spasm-reducing (spasmolytic) chemicals, have been discovered in the tea. Only 1% to 3% of the essential oil is present in the tea. External application of the tea, on the other hand, reduces inflammation (Schilcher 2005b).
Health benefits of Chamomile tea are it treats cold, reduces stress, treat sunburn, reduce acne, anti-ageing, reduces dandruff, boots immune system, reduces muscle spam, reduce menstrual pain, promotes sleep and treats insomnia, relief from digestive issue, helps control blood sugar level, reduce risk of thyroid and breast cancer, treats wounds and infection.33, 34
6. Chamomile essential oil:
The essential oil of chamomile is extracted using the steam distillation or hydro distillation process, which involves subjecting the flowers to high pressure, temperature, and steam to extract the essential oil. The oil is a deep blue or ink blue tint with a lovely, grassy scent. On oxidation, it may turn green, then dark brown, losing its medicinal efficacy. It is substantially concentrated at the moment of distillation. Although the quality of the essential oil varies from one variety of chamomile plant to the next, the various pharmacopoeias all state that the oil content in the flowers must be at least 0.4 percent to be utilized for medicinal purposes. Chamomile essential oil is widely used in aromatherapy, massage, and baths. 35
7. In the case of bunions:
Fig.No.2:- Applications/ Uses of Matricaria chamomile
Pain is relieved. Promotes the healing of wounds. The bunion is treated using a used chamomile tea bag, which may be beneficial. Chamomile essential oil or a lotion containing chamomile may give relief when massaged.36, 37,38
8. Cap for the cradle:
Cap for the cradle the skin's oil production is reduced. Tannins in chamomile tea can help to slow this down. Chamomile tea can be massaged onto the skin many times a day using a cloth.39,40,41
CONCLUSION:
Chamomile has been used as an herbal medicine since antiquity, is still popular today, and is likely to remain so in the future because it includes a variety of bioactive phytochemicals that may have therapeutic properties. Chamomile can aid to improve cardiovascular health, activate the immune system, and provide some cancer prevention. In comparison to the infants in the placebo group, chamomile oil improved symptoms in breastfed colicky new-borns. This shows that chamomile oil applied topically could be beneficial in the treatment of colic.
Hay fever, inflammation, muscle spasms, menstrual disorders, sleeplessness, ulcers, wounds, gastrointestinal disorders, rheumatic pain, and hemorrhoids are all popular uses for chamomile medicines. In children, there are only a few side effects. Chamomile is a popular name for a group of daisy-like plants in the Asteraceae family. Chamomile is a valuable medicinal and fragrant herb. The use of chamomile dates back to the 13th century.
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Received on 08.10.2021 Modified on 18.11.2021
Accepted on 31.12.2021 ©A&V Publications All right reserved
Res. J. Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics.2022;14(1):43-46.
DOI: 10.52711/2321-5836.2022.00007